Scaffolding refers to the preparation for an activity provided by the teacher because, without it, learners might find the activity too difficult to do. Although initially coined as a term by Bruner, and related to how an adult might talk to a child in order to help them with an activity, it now tends to be used in EFL for any preparatory activity done in the classroom. So, some examples of scaffolding for a speaking activity might be :
- the teacher feeds in vocabulary that s/he predicts the students will need in the activity, and checks they understand and can pronounce it.
- s/he gives the students the chance to plan what they want to say silently, thinking it through in their minds
- s/he gives them the chance to ask for any vocabulary they think they will need in the activity
- s/he lets them listen to an example of the activity as a model. Eg if it is an anecdote telling activity she tells an anecdote of her own on the topic.
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