An ELT Glossary Copulative verbs

• Definition : A copulative verb is a verb followed by a complement (adjective or noun phrase) which can be "equated" to the subject of the sentence. For example : be, become, get, grow, seem, appear, look, sound, taste, feel, smell, prove, remain, stay, resemble, turn

• Examples :  

        John is / became an architect  (John = an architect)
        Paula seemed / appeared / sounded /grew angry (Paula = angry)
        The roses smell / look  wonderful. ( The roses = wonderful)
        The hypothesis proved wrong. (the hypothesis = wrong)

In The Grammar of Contemporary English, Quirk et al. divide copulative verbs into two types :

a) Current copulatives express a state : be (happy) / seem (afraid) / stay (calm)                etc

b) Resulting copulatives indicate that the complement is a result of the event or                 process described by the verb :   The lights turned green  / They  grew tired  / He got         angry.

The verb be is often referred to as "the" copula in English. In many languages it is dropped in the present tense (eg Russian, Hungarian, Arabic) causing problems for speakers of those languages learning English. Other languages have more than one equivalent for be -  eg Italian essere/stare.


NB : It would be better to say that these verbs can be used copulatively rather than that they "are" copulative. They may also be used in other ways. For example, in the following sentences the verbs are used transitively (ie followed by an object) :

Paula smelt the roses.   /  David tasted the soup.

Read More..

Moto G Black with 8 GB Rs 12499

Model Price : Rs. 12499In Sales Package :Charger, Headset, Handset with Inbuilt Battery, Battery Door, User Manual
Brand :Motorola
Model Name :Moto G
Model ID :XT1033
Form :Bar
SIM Size :Micro SIM
SIM Type :Dual SIM, GSM + GSM, (Dual Standby)
Touch Screen :Yes, Capacitive
Call Features :Loudspeaker
Handset Color :Black
Operating Freq :GSM - 850, 900, 1800, 1900; UMTS - 2100
OS :Android v4.3 (Jelly Bean)
Processor :1.2 GHz Qualcomm Snapdragon 400, Quad Core
Graphics :Adreno 305, 450 MHz Single Core
Type :IPS LCD
Size :4.5 Inches
Resolution :HD, 1280 x 720 Pixels
Color :16 M
Other Display Features :Corning Gorilla Glass 3
Primary Camera :Yes, 5 Megapixel
Secondary Camera :Yes, 1.3 Megapixel
Flash :LED
Video Recording :Yes, 720 x 1280, 30 fps
HD Recording :HD
Zoom :Digital Zoom - 4x
Other Camera Features :Auto Focus, Slow Motion Video, Burst Mode, Auto HDR, Panorama, Tap to Focus
Size :65.9x129.9x11.6 mm
Weight :140 g
Type :2070 mAh
Internal :8 GB
Memory :1 GB RAM
Internet Features :Email
Preinstalled Browser :Android
GPRS :Yes
EDGE :Yes
3G :Yes, 21.1 Mbps HSDPA; 5.76 Mbps HSUPA
Wifi :Yes, 802.11 b/g/n
USB Connectivity :Yes, micro USB, v2
Navigation Technology :GPS, GLONASS, with Google Maps
Bluetooth :Yes, v4
Audio Jack :3.5 mm
Music Player :Yes, Supports MP3
Video Player :Yes, Supports H.264, MP4, VC1, DivX, WMV9, HD
FM :Yes
Call Memory :Yes
SMS Memory :Yes
Phone Book Memory :Yes
Sensors :Proximity Sensor, Ambient Light Sensor, Hall Effect Sensor, Accelerometer, Magnetometer
Additional Features :Wi-Fi Direct, Mobile Hotspot, Embedded Battery Type, Notification LED
Warranty Summary :1 year manufacturer warranty for Phone and 6 months warranty for in the box accessories

moto g price in india - buy moto g black 8 gb online - motorola: application download,moto g price in india - buy moto g black 8 gb online - motorola: drivers download free,moto g price in india - buy moto g black 8 gb online - motorola: review and specifications,moto g price in india - buy moto g black 8 gb online - motorola: games,moto g price in india - buy moto g black 8 gb online - motorola: model specifications and Configuration.

Read More..

An ELT Glossary Discrimination testing

The term discrimination, as used in testing,  refers to the extent to which a test distinguishes between strong and weak students. When a test is pre-tested, attention will be paid to each items item discrimination index. If all the members of the cohort get that items right, or if all get it wrong, the item will be rejected - it gives no evidence of the differing knowledge/ability of the members of the cohort and is therefore useless for testing purposes.  If, on the other hand, only 20% of the pre-test cohort get an item right, and are the same 20% who score highest on the test overall, then the item clearly discriminates between the "top" group and the rest. 

Davies (1999) suggests that, in general,  an item would be expected to have a difficulty index of 30-70% to be useful in discriminating between candidates. He points out, however, that this will vary depending on test purpose. In a placement test or diagnostic test, difficult items may be included because of the aim of the test - to find out the candidates exact level, or what they do and dont know.   For a test such as an achievement test, which expect a high pass rate, items which the candidates are expected to find easy may be included in order to give representative coverage to all the items taught on the course.

Bibliography : Davies, A. (1999) A Dictionary of Language Testing, CUP

Read More..

Karbonn A35 White Silver Rs 5999

Model Price : Rs. 5999

Brand :Karbonn
Model ID :A35
Form :Bar
SIM Type :Dual SIM, GSM + GSM
Touch Screen :Yes, Capacitive
Business Features :Document Viewer, Outlook Email, Kingsoft Office
Call Features :Loudspeaker
Handset Color :White & Silver
Operating Freq :GSM - 900, 1800
OS :Android v4 (Ice Cream Sandwich)
Processor :1 GHz, Dual Core
Size :5 Inches
Resolution :qHD, 960 x 540 Pixels
Other Display Features :IPS Display
Primary Camera :Yes, 5 Megapixel
Secondary Camera :Yes, 2 Megapixel
Video Recording :Yes
Other Camera Features :Auto Focus, Flash Support
Type :1800 mAh
Expandable Memory :microSD, upto 32 GB
Memory :512 MB RAM, 4 GB ROM
Internet Features :Email
Preinstalled Browser :UC Browser, Opera Mini, Android, WAP
GPRS :Yes
EDGE :Yes
Wifi :Yes, 802.11 b/g/n
WAP :Yes
Bluetooth :Yes, Supported Profiles (A2DP)
Audio Jack :3.5 mm
Music Player :Yes, Supports MP3
Video Player :Yes
FM :Yes
Call Memory :Yes
SMS Memory :Yes
Phone Book Memory :Yes
Sensors :G-Sensor, Proximity Sensor, Ambient Light Sensor
Additional Features :Games, Touch and Swipe Gestures, Notification Panel, Sound Recorder
Important Apps :Hungama My Play, Google Play Store, Gmail, Google Search and Voice Search, Google Talk, Karbonn Live, WhatsApp, Widgets
Warranty Summary :1 year manufacturer warranty for Phone and 6 months warranty for in the box accessories

karbonn a35 price in india - buy karbonn a35 white & silver online - karbonn: application download,karbonn a35 price in india - buy karbonn a35 white & silver online - karbonn: drivers download free,karbonn a35 price in india - buy karbonn a35 white & silver online - karbonn: review and specifications,karbonn a35 price in india - buy karbonn a35 white & silver online - karbonn: games,karbonn a35 price in india - buy karbonn a35 white & silver online - karbonn: model specifications and Configuration.

Read More..

13 Tips Penting Optimalisasi Tablet Android Anda

Tidak bisa dipungkiri saat ini cukup banyak yang menggunakan tablet android. Banyak orang yang tertarik menggunakan tablet android dikarenakan ukuran layarnya yang lebih luas dibandingkan smartphone android kebanyakan. Jika anda ingin meningkatkan performa tablet android anda maka anda bisa mengikuti 13 tips penting optimalisasi tablet android anda.

1.      Gunakan aplikasi yang benar-benar anda perlukan. Aplikasi yang terlalu banyak dan tidak penting hanya akan membebani kinerja dari tablet android anda. Apalagi kebanyakan tablet android yang beredar memiliki kapasitas RAM yang tidak terlalu besar.

2.      Perhatikan spesifikasi serta kelebihan dan kekuarangan dari tablet android anda. Dengan mengetahui spesifikasi serta kelebihan dan kekurangan dari tablet andorid yang anda miliki maka anda bisa melakukan optimalisasi dengan lebih tepat.

3.       Jika tablet android anda terasa lambat maka anda bisa menggunakan aplikasi untuk meningkatkan kinerja tablet android anda. Ingat untuk memakai aplikasi yang berasal dari sumber terpercaya.

4.      Salah satu cara untuk optimalisasi tablet android yaitu dengan melakukan upgrade software. Perhatikan apa saja perbaikan dan perubahan pada tablet android anda setelah diupdate softwarenya.

5.      Ada kalanya menurunnya kinerja tablet android dikarenakan kerusakan pada hardware atau software karena kelalaian pemakai seperti terjatuh atau pemakaian yang tidak tepat. Karena itu jaga tablet android anda agar tidak terjatuh.

6.      Jangan lupa untuk mengoptimalkan daya tahan baterai. Anda bisa menggunakan aplikasi untuk mengontrol penggunaan daya baterai. Hindari pemakaian tablet android yang sedang di charge.

7.      Unduh antivirus agar tablet android anda terhindar dari malware jahat. Malware tersebut sangat berbahaya karena dapat mencuri data-data penting anda.

8.      Cara yang sering digunakan untuk optimalisasi tablet android yaitu dengan Root. Tetapi anda harus ingat akan resiko dari melakukan Root pada tablet android anda meskipun kinerja tablet android anda menjadi lebih baik.

9.      Ganti ROM dengan custom ROM yang terpercaya. Saat ini banyak menyediakan custom ROM untuk berbagai tipe tablet android. Pilih custom ROM yang cocok untuk tablet android anda dan lihat review yang diberikan.

10.    Sering-seringlah membersihkan memory cache agar kinerja tablet android anda lebih cepat dan tidak lemot.

11.    Terkadang memakai launcher tertentu bisa membuat tablet android sedikti lambat jadi gunakan versi default.

12.    Gunakan memory eksternal dengan class yang tinggi agar tablet android anda tidak lemot.

13.    Terakhir tutup aplikasi yang sudah tidak digunakan.

Read More..

MB Compaq V3000 DV2000 AMD 447805 001

kompatible dengan compaq seri2 berikut klik disini
Nama Produk	MB Compaq V3000, DV2000 ( 447805-001)
Harga	Rp1.100.000
Gambaran Produk	Kondisi new 100% Garansi 1 bulan

Read More..

HP Pavilion dv2 1122 Black

Description
HP Pavilion AMD Athlon Notebook 12 inch :

AMD Athlon Neo X2 L335 Dual Core 1.60 GHz
(512KB L2 Cache, AMD 690G Chipset)
12.1" HD diagonal Widescreen LED, 2 GB DDR2, 320GB HDD
External DVDRW SuperMulti Double Layer, LAN, WiFi
VGA ATi Radeon HD 3410 512MB DDR2 dedicated, Bluetooth
Windows Vista Premium, Altec Lansing Speakers, Webcam 0.3MP
5-in-1 Media Reader, HDMI Port, Weight 1.73 kg.
6 Cell Battery, Color : Espresso Black

Limited Stock

Read More..